Kev lag luam centrifuges tau yug los nyob rau hauv Tebchaws Europe, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th, muaj peb-legged centrifuges rau textile dehydration, thiab saum-hanging centrifuges rau cais crystalline qab zib nyob rau hauv cov suab thaj mills. Cov centrifuges ntxov tshaj plaws no tau ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua thiab tso tawm manually.
Vim tias kev txhim kho ntawm cov slag tawm tshuab, kev ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua centrifuges tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub 30s ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, thiab kev ua haujlwm sib cuam tshuam centrifuges kuj tau tsim los ntawm kev ua tiav ntawm kev tswj tsis siv neeg.
Raws li cov qauv thiab kev sib cais, cov centrifuges muaj peev xwm muab faib ua peb pawg: lim centrifuges, sedimentation centrifuges thiab separators.
Lub centrifuge muaj lub tog raj kheej hu ua lub tais uas tig ntawm kev kub ceev nyob ib ncig ntawm nws axis, thiab feem ntau yog tsav los ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob. Tom qab tshem tawm (lossis emulsion) ntxiv rau lub tais, nws tau nrawm nrawm kom tig ntawm tib lub nrawm raws li lub tais, thiab cov khoom sib cais thiab tso tawm cais raws li qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub zog centrifugal. Feem ntau, qhov siab dua lub nruas nrawm, qhov kev sib cais zoo dua.
Muaj ob lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm centrifugal separator: centrifugal filtration thiab centrifugal sedimentation. Centrifugal filtration yog ua kom lub centrifugal siab generated los ntawm kev ncua nyob rau hauv lub centrifugal quab yuam teb, ua nyob rau hauv lub lim nruab nrab, thiaj li hais tias cov kua yuav filtrate los ntawm lub lim nruab nrab, thiab cov khoom particles yog daig nyob rau saum npoo ntawm lub lim nruab nrab, yog li ntawd. raws li kom ua tiav cov kua-khoom sib cais; Centrifugal sedimentation yog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ceev sedimentation thiab stratification ntawm cov khoom sib txawv ntawm kev ncua (los yog emulsion) nyob rau hauv lub centrifugal quab yuam teb kom ua tiav kua-khoom (los yog kua-kua) sib cais.
Kuj tseem muaj ib hom kev sib cais rau kev sim tshuaj ntsuam xyuas, uas tuaj yeem ua tiav cov kua ua kom pom tseeb thiab cov khoom ua kom zoo dua qub, lossis cov kua-kua sib cais, thiab cov khoom sib cais no muaj ntau hom kev ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv atmospheric siab, lub tshuab nqus tsev thiab khov.
Ib qho tseem ceeb qhia txog kev sib cais kev ua tau zoo ntawm lub centrifugal separator yog qhov sib cais. Nws sawv cev rau qhov sib piv ntawm lub zog centrifugal ntawm cov khoom sib cais hauv lub tais rau nws lub ntiajteb txawj nqus, qhov loj dua qhov sib cais, qhov kev sib cais sai dua feem ntau yog qhov zoo dua, thiab qhov zoo dua qhov sib cais. Kev sib cais ntawm kev lag luam centrifugal separator feem ntau yog 100 ~ 20000, qhov sib cais ntawm ultra-ceev tubular separator tuaj yeem siab li 62000, thiab qhov sib cais ntawm ultra-ceev separator rau kev tsom xam yog txog 610000. Lwm yam uas txiav txim siab qhov kev muaj peev xwm ntawm centrifugal separator yog qhov chaw ua haujlwm ntawm lub tais, uas muaj qhov chaw ua haujlwm loj thiab muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm loj.
Lim centrifuges thiab sedimentation centrifuges tsuas yog vam khom rau txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub tais kom nthuav dav ua haujlwm ntawm qhov ncig ntawm lub tais; Ntxiv nrog rau cov phab ntsa ncig ntawm lub nruas, lub tshuab cais kuj tseem muaj qhov chaw ua haujlwm ntxiv, xws li cov disc ntawm lub disc cais thiab lub tog raj kheej sab hauv ntawm lub chamber separator, uas ua rau kom muaj kev sib haum xeeb ua haujlwm.
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov lus qhia ntxaws ntxiv ntawm cov khoom hauv qhov raug tshem tawm, qhov nyuaj dua nws yog qhov sib cais, thiab cov khoom zoo uas nqa mus rau hauv cov dej lim los yog kev sib cais yuav nce ntxiv, qhov no, centrifugal separator yuav tsum muaj qhov sib cais ntau dua. sib cais zoo; Thaum lub viscosity ntawm cov kua nyob rau hauv lub ncua kev kawm ntawv siab, lub sib cais ceev slows down; Qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom ntawm kev ncua lossis emulsion yog qhov loj, uas yog qhov zoo rau centrifugal sedimentation, thaum lub centrifugal filtration ntawm ncua kev kawm ntawv tsis xav tau qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm txhua yam.
Kev xaiv ntawm centrifugal separator yuav tsum yog raws li qhov loj thiab qhov siab ntawm cov khoom hauv kev ncua (lossis emulsion), qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom thiab cov kua (los yog ob lub kua), qhov viscosity ntawm cov kua, cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom seem (lossis sediment) , thiab cov kev cai ntawm kev sib cais, thiab lwm yam, kom ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov dej noo ntawm cov khoom lim dej (sediment) thiab qhov pom tseeb ntawm cov filtrate (cov kua dej sib cais), thiab ua ntej xaiv hom centrifugal separator siv. Tom qab ntawd, raws li kev ua haujlwm muaj peev xwm thiab cov kev xav tau ntawm automation rau kev ua haujlwm, hom thiab qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm lub centrifuge raug txiav txim siab, thiab thaum kawg tau txheeb xyuas los ntawm kev sim tiag tiag.
Feem ntau, rau lub ncua kev kawm ntawv uas muaj particle loj dua 0.01 hli, lim centrifuge yuav siv tau, rau lub ncua kev kawm ntawv hais yog zoo los yog compressible, ib tug sedimentation centrifuge yuav tsum tau xaiv, thiab ib tug cais yuav tsum tau. xaiv rau lub ncua kev kawm ntawv nrog cov khoom uas tsis muaj cov ntsiab lus, me me hais thiab siab yuav tsum tau rau cov kua clarity.
Kev txhim kho yav tom ntej ntawm centrifugal separator yuav ntxiv dag zog rau kev sib cais kev ua tau zoo, txhim kho qhov loj ntawm centrifugal separator, txhim kho cov slag tawm tshuab, nce qhov tshwj xeeb thiab sib xyaw nruas centrifuge, ntxiv dag zog rau kev sib cais txoj kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tshawb fawb centrifugal cais txheej txheem optimization tswj tshuab, lwm.
Txhim khu kev sib cais kev ua tau zoo suav nrog nce lub tais ceev; ntxiv lub zog tshiab rau txoj kev sib cais centrifugal; Ceev kom slag thawb; Qhov ntev ntawm lub tais prolongs lub sij hawm ntawm centrifugal sedimentation thiab sib cais. Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm loj-scale centrifugal separator yog tsuas yog ua kom lub cheeb ntawm lub nruas thiab siv ob-sided nruas los txhim kho lub peev xwm ua, thiaj li yuav txo tau cov cuab yeej peev, zog noj thiab txij nkawm nqi ntawm kev ua unit ntim cov ntaub ntawv. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev tshawb fawb theoretical, cov kua dej ntws nyob rau hauv lub tais thiab tsim mechanism ntawm lim residue yog tsuas yog kawm, thiab kev suav cov txheej txheem ntawm qhov tsawg kawg nkaus kev daws teeb meem thiab kev muaj peev xwm yog kawm.