Cov txheej txheem ntawm sub-critical low temperature extraction of capsicum red pigment yog muab faib ua peb kauj ruam: pretreatment, sub-critical extraction thiab despicy.
1. Cov txheej txheem ua ntej
Kua txob → tu → ziab, tshem tawm cov noob → crushing → granulation → extraction txheej txheem
Ntxuav: Yuav cov kua txob qhuav feem ntau muaj qee yam ntawm impurities thiab ntau cov kua txob stalks, ua ntej tshem tawm impurities thiab kua txob stalks. Kev ziab thiab tshem tawm cov noob: ziab kom yooj yim tshem tawm cov noob, thiab cov noob tshem tawm tuaj yeem ua rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov xim xim.
Crushing: Crushing tuaj yeem rhuav tshem lub koom haum thiab lub cev daim ntawv ntawm cov kua txob, txhim kho thaj chaw ntawm cov khoom, thiab pab txhawb qhov diffusion ntawm cov xim molecules rau cov kuab tshuaj thaum lub sij hawm rho tawm. Qhov loj me ntawm cov khoom tom qab sib tsoo feem ntau yog 40 ~ 60 mesh.
Granulation: Cov kua txob hmoov dhau los ntawm lub nplhaib tuag granulator los tsim Φ4x8 pas nrig zoo li hais.
2. Subcritical butane extraction txheej txheem
Qhov tsaus liab muab tshuaj txhuam extract tau los ntawm countercurrent extraction ntawm granulated kua txob cov khoom rau 5 zaug, qhov hnyav piv yog 1: 1.3 thiab qhov kub thiab txias extraction yog 30-35 degree. Cov pluas noj tom qab uas tsis muaj qhov kub thiab txias tuaj yeem ua tiav rau hauv cov khoom noj.
3. kev ntxub ntxaug
Muab tshuaj txhuam yog tag nrho cov roj soluble tivthaiv ntawm capsicum, uas feem ntau muaj capsicum liab pigment thiab capsaicin, uas txwv tsis pub siv ntau yam ntawm capsicum liab pigment, yog li nws yuav tsum tau tshem tawm cov ntsim tshuaj nyob rau hauv capsicum liab pigment. Tam sim no, kev tshem tawm cov kua txob liab xim yog tsuas yog los ntawm cov kua-kua extraction. 76% (ntim feem) ntawm ethanol tau siv los ua cov kuab tshuaj despicing thiab cov kua txob kua txob tau sib xyaw ua ke kom yaj capsaicin nyob rau theem ethanol, thiab tom qab ntawd qhov sib txawv ntom ntom ntawm capsaicin pigment theem thiab theem ethanol yog centrifuged. Cov tshuaj pleev tau muab rho tawm los ntawm ethanol rau ob peb zaug, thiab ethanol theem nplua nuj nyob rau hauv capsaicin tau concentrated thiab zoo kom tau txais capsaicin. Cov tshuaj pleev tom qab tshem tawm capsaicin yog cov xim capsaicin. Lub ntsiab indexes ntawm capsaicin pigment yog: residual solubility ntawm capsaicin pigment Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 20, dej hauv capsaicin pigment Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug li 3%, tawm los ntawm capsaicin pigment Ntau dua los yog sib npaug rau 9 Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 95%, Xim tus nqi (460nm) Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 170 ~ 180. Tawm, acetone insoluble teeb meem tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 3%.